Many supplements are marketed as natural libido boosters, but few have been evaluated in clinical trials to substantiate these claims. Here is a non-exhaustive list of several active ingredients that may help.
DHEA
DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) is a hormone naturally produced by the adrenal glands. In the body, it is converted into oestrogen and testosterone. DHEA supplementation may be beneficial for individuals whose lower libido is notably linked to hormonal imbalance (insufficient oestrogen and testosterone) [21].
A study was conducted to observe the effect of DHEA supplementation. DHEA supplementation appeared to improve desire, particularly in women who reported low sexual function at the start of the study [22].
Maca and shatavari
Maca is an adaptogenic plant that does not contain plant hormones (unlike soya) but helps support the body's hormonal balance. It offers valuable properties for the menstrual cycle, helping to balance hormones, which may contribute to improving libido [23]. A study in women showed that 1.5g of maca helped increase the ASEX score (a five-point rating scale quantifying sex drive, arousal, vaginal lubrication/penile erection, ability to reach orgasm and orgasm satisfaction) and significantly increased libido [24].
In Ayurveda, Shatavari is regarded as a female tonic. It supports libido, soothes inflammation of the sexual organs, moisturises dry reproductive tissues and helps rebalance hormones [25].
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Ashwagandha
KSM-66® ashwagandha is considered an aphrodisiac plant. This is notably due to the fact that it is beneficial for mood and stress management.
A study showed that consuming ashwagandha root extract had a positive impact on sexual function. Taking ashwagandha led to a significant increase in lubrication, orgasm and sexual arousal. Researchers also observed an increase in the frequency of sexual encounters [26].
Rhodiola and red clover
Rhodiola is a plant that has a beneficial effect on mood, helping the body adapt to emotional stress and stimulating the nervous system [27]. These effects are beneficial for libido, especially if stress and anxiety symptoms are among the causes of disrupted libido.
It also helps increase dopamine production [28].
Red clover contains oestrogenic compounds that can mimic the secretion of sex hormones in a woman's body [29], and increased oestrogen levels are linked to an increase in libido.
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A few other plants
Betel nut contains natural alkaloids that help the body release dopamine. This response is associated with increased libido and a more pleasurable sexual experience [30].
Ginseng may potentially have direct beneficial effects on libido, as well as on stress management. However, according to studies, its effects are not guaranteed and may be limited to the menopause period [31].
Tribulus extracts contain a substance that appears to influence female reproductive hormones, particularly follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone. One study demonstrated its effects, showing significant improvements in total FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index) scores, desire, arousal, lubrication, satisfaction and pain [32].
Mucuna pruriens seeds contain L-dopa (a dopamine precursor). In Mexico, the seeds are ground into a powder to produce a potent aphrodisiac, and in Brazil they are also used for this purpose. In Ayurveda, the seeds continue to be used as aphrodisiacs [33].